Digital camera

1. Sensor Technology

– Invention of the Charge-coupled device (CCD) in 1969
– Development of NMOS active-pixel sensor in 1985
– Introduction of CMOS sensor in 1993
– Landsat 1 satellite’s multispectral scanner in 1972
– First commercial digital camera by Fujifilm in 1989
– Two major types of sensors: CCD and CMOS
– Difference between CCD and CMOS sensors
– Impact of sensor resolution on image quality
– Sensor size and angle of view
– Color filter array and demosaicing

2. Digital Camera Evolution

– Integration of digital cameras into smartphones
– Camera phone evolution
– Image sharpness factors
– Methods of image capture
– Filter mosaics, interpolation, and aliasing
– Sensor resolution and pixel count
– Types of digital cameras: compact, rugged, action, 360-degree, bridge, and mirrorless
– Features of mirrorless cameras

3. Camera Features and Functionality

– Optical system components
– Immediate display and storage of images
– Image processing impact on image quality
– High-end cameras for professional use
– Compact camera features
– Rugged compact camera properties
– Action camera characteristics
– 360-degree camera capabilities
– Bridge camera functionalities

4. Mirrorless Cameras

– Introduction and emergence of mirrorless interchangeable-lens cameras
– Features and advantages of mirrorless cameras
– Disadvantages of mirrorless cameras
– Innovation in mirrorless camera technology
– Specific mirrorless camera models

5. Image Quality and Performance

– Factors affecting image sharpness
– Impact of ISO, resolution, lens, and settings on image quality
– Image capture techniques for different scenarios
– Sensor technology advancements
– Continuous autofocus performance comparison between DSLRs and mirrorless cameras

Digital camera (Wikipedia)

"Digicam" redirects here. For the military camouflage method using micropatterns, see Digital camouflage.

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A digital camera, also called a digicam, is a camera that captures photographs in digital memory. Most cameras produced today are digital, largely replacing those that capture images on photographic film. Digital cameras are now widely incorporated into mobile devices like smartphones with the same or more capabilities and features of dedicated cameras (which are still available). High-end, high-definition dedicated cameras are still commonly used by professionals and those who desire to take higher-quality photographs.

Digital and digital movie cameras share an optical system, typically using a lens with a variable diaphragm to focus light onto an image pickup device. The diaphragm and shutter admit a controlled amount of light to the image, just as with film, but the image pickup device is electronic rather than chemical. However, unlike film cameras, digital cameras can display images on a screen immediately after being recorded, and store and delete images from memory. Many digital cameras can also record moving videos with sound. Some digital cameras can crop and stitch pictures and perform other kinds of image editing.